SHIP AND YATCH CABLES

Gulsah Ozalp
2M Cable R&D Specialist
Cables which we encounter in all areas of our daily lives are an indispensable part of the sea life. They are used in all areas which require communication, lighting and power in the ships.
As different from their use on the land these cables must be resistant against the challenging sea and weather conditions. Besides they must also be resistant against blows and crushing, must not be affected the petrochemical products and must be resistant against sunrays. The probability for the ship and yatch cables to incure corrosion as a result of the impact of such material as lubricants, gases, salt and high level of humidity is very high.
Lightweight and high-level of efficiency is preferred in ship and yatch cables. They are required to have a high level of cable flexibility since they are used in narrow areas. Besides they are generally wanted to be halogen free, have a flame retardant structure and be self-extinguishing. The conductive wires used are required to have a light weight and comply with different international standards. Tailor-made special production is also available in order to meet the special needs of the customers and because of the insufficiency of the standard products used for the construction of ships.
Ship cables are produced in accordance with the requirements of the use of
numerous sea vehicles. Ship and yatch cables are used in the shipyards, marinas
and ports.
Ship cables are used in a wide range of applications including:
* Control cables
*Power transmission cables
*Information communication cables
*Instrumentation cables
The structural specifications of the ship cables are described below:
Marine cable conductors are made of copper material with braided forge which
have small dimensions and a high level of flexibility in order to enable perfects
installation and economic solutions. Maximum conductor temperature for the
marine, ship and yatch cables has been determined as 90°C according to IEC
60092-351 standard.
Insulation
Generally XLPE (Polyethylen with cross link) is used for the basic insulation
material. HFFR and PVC may be used as the insulation material depending on
the demand of the customer. This material has anti-deformation resistance and
is resistant against chemical material.
Halogen-free thermo-plastic material with flame-retardant properties (like
HFFR, PVC with flame- retardant and oil resistant properties) is generally preferred
as external casing material. In the event of a fire, external casing material
must have an emission reducing effect and prevent the release of gases.
Armoured cables, cables with screen and braided type cables are available in
order to meet the requirements of different types of use and tailor-made production
for the customers.
Ship cables are in accordance with IEC 60092- 350/375-376/353 standards
depending on the area and type of use.
*IEC 60092- 350: Electrical facilities – in the ships – Section 350: The standard
on the general structure of and test methods for power transmission cables,
control cables and measurement cables for applications in the ships and
off the shore.
*EC 60092-353: Electrical facilities – in the ships – Section 353: cables in the
voltage range of 1 kV – 3 kV.
*IEC 60092-375: Electrical facilities – in the ships – Section 375: Ship telecommunication
and radio frequency cables. General instrumentation, control and
communication cables.
*TS IEC 60092-376: Electrical facilities – In the ships – Section 376: cable standards
for the circuits of control and measurement devices.
Quality controls are performed according to the test procedures in IEC 60092-
300 series. Test procedures defined in IEC 60331-21, IEC 60331-1 or IEC
60331-2 are applied as basic test methods.
Approvals from the special marine institutions must be obtained in order to use
the cables at the international level. The certificates listed below enable the
cables produced by 2M Cable to be used at the international level.
* ABS(American Bureau of Shipping)
* RINA (Italian Lloyd)
* Turkish Lloyd certificates
Our cables which are the holder of the certificates issued by ABS(American
Bureau of Shipping), RINA (Italian Lloyd) and Turkish Lloyds are used as instrumentation,
information and power transmission cables in the construction of
ships.
Fire resistant and halogen-free cables with a screen which are generally preferred
are used in the construction and reparation of ships.
Different types of production is available for being used in environment on the
sea; control elements, devices, electronic devices, communication devices,
control circuits, batteries or areas where power transmission is required and
lighting and these cables may be used in all dry, wet, oily and other sea environments.
It is possible to use the cables with a screen in the places where communication,
radio and electrical devices are located. The screening feature of the cables
provides protection against external noises and signals and enables a exchange
of data.
Cables which are made of PVC and
halogen free types are available.
Because of flame retardancy capabilities
of HFFR compounds, This cables
are not emit poisonous gases
and prevents to spreading of flames
during the fire event.
Halogen free cables are mainly use
in security, alarm and other important
sstems. Furthermore it enables
important devices to continue functioning
for a period of 180 minutes
thanks to its being able to function
as a flame barrier in the event of
fire.
Ship and yatch cables which has a
wide range of production according
to the field of use and specifications
required are produced under different
names. Examples are given
below: